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Psychosocial situation of siblings of chronically ill children
Lukšíková, Lenka ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (advisor) ; Šturma, Jaroslav (referee)
Chronic illness of a child has an influence over the whole family system. Despite this fact healthy siblings have been overlooked by the majority of research. Some foreign studies declare that this population is in higher risk of developing psychsocial problems. The purpose of this thesis is to conduct a closer study on psychosocial characteristics of the siblings of children with diabetes mellitus type 1. The main concern of the theoretical part is the review of current literature dealing with the topic of siblings of chronically ill child and their families. The conducted research included quantitative and qualitative methods exploring sibling psychosocial problems and prosocial behaviour, self-esteem, siblings attitude towards illness and family functioning. The results stress out the important relationship between sibling adjustment, self-esteem and individual and family characteristics. The results also present the main themes connected with siblings feeling of fear, sadness and anger, with applied coping strategies and perceived rewards and costs of the illness for family. Keywords: siblings, diabetes mellitus type 1, psychosocial situation
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Eating disorders in pediatric patiens with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Jodasová, Daniela ; Floriánková, Marcela (advisor) ; Kosheleva, Svetlana (referee)
English abstract: Aim: The primary objective of my bachelor thesis was to find out, what proportion of pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes have an increased risk of developing an eating disorder according to a standardized specialized questionnaire. Another aim of the work was to compare, whether the scores of these patients in the SCOFF questionnaire differ significantly, compared to their peers without diabetes. The secondary objectives were to determine, whether anthropometric data of patients and children from the control group correlated with the level of risk of eating disorder according to questionnaires and whether there is a correlation between the rate of diabetes control (expressed by glycated hemoglobin level and % glycaemia in the recommended range) and the results of the questionnaire survey in patients with diabetes. Methods: The data were obtained in a questionnaire survey in the diabetes outpatient department of Mrs. Jitka Kytnarová, MD, Ph.D. at the General University Hospital in Prague and in the diabetes outpatient department of Mrs. Magdalena Kubíková, MD at the Regional Hospital in Liberec. The questionnaire survey involved 36 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1). The control group, which was paired by age and gender, also included 36 children and adolescents. Data...
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Diabetes mellitus 1.typu, dítě, edukace, integrace, léčba
Zikmundová, Blanka ; Hanušová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Váchová, Alena (referee)
Diploma thesis Specific needs of a child with diabetes mellitus type 1 at the 1st grade of primary schools is divided into two main parts. The theoretical part deals with diabetes mellitus, its definition and classification. Next, it deals with the chronic disease of type 1 diabetes mellitus, a brief history, basic concepts associated with the disease, epidemiology, symptomatology and others. The core parts are specifics related to diabetes in children, that is followed by the practical part, whose main aim is to identify the specific needs of children with diabetes attending the first grade of selected primary schools. The information from the interviews with parents, pedagogical staff and children with type 1 diabetes mellitus was used in the research. These information aimed to determine parents' satisfaction with the approach of the school, to determine teachers'current knowledge and concerns when educating a pupil with type 1 diabetes mellitus, and then to determine the needs and satisfaction of children with diabetes during their school attendance. All interview responses confirmed the need for an individual approach to children with diabetes on the part of the school, so that pupils can perform their school duties while being supported in the care of their duties. The research found out...
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Low-carbohydrate diet in diabetes mellitus type 1 treatment
Němečková, Monika ; Krejčí, Hana (advisor) ; Hásková, Aneta (referee)
The topic of the diploma thesis is the influence of a low-carbohydrate diet on the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus. It is an autoimmune disease for which it is necessary for patients to administer insulin. The selection of suitable sports activities, good health and mental condition and, above all, the adjustment of eating habits also contribute to the successful compensation of diabetes. This work demonstrates a low-carbohydrate diet as one of the possibilities diabetics can eat. The work is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part briefly describes the disease and presents the recommended and a low- carbohydrate diet. The following section also addresses physical activity. It describes the issues of sports for people with diabetes who are on a regular diet, as well as on low-carbohydrate diet. The practical part shows the results of glucose sensors (Free Style Libre, Dexcom G6 and Medtronic), which continuously measure blood sugar levels. In the practical part, eight respondents with type 1 diabetes, who switched the recommended diet for a low-carbohydrate diet, were surveyed in the form of a questionnaire. The purpose of the questionnaire was to assess the effects of switching to a low- carbohydrate diet on: the compensation of diabetes; the frequency of...
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The influence of the education on carbohydrate units counting and flexible insulin dosing in patients with Type 1 diebetes mellitus
Zadáková, Eliška ; Horová, Eva (advisor) ; Hásková, Aneta (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus and the possibility of using carbohydrate units counting and flexible insulin dosing as a strategy to improve patient compensation. The theoretical part presents diabetes mellitus as such. The bases of other types of diabetes are briefly described here, but most of the space is devoted to Type 1 diabetes mellitus. The pathophysiology of the disease, symptoms, diagnosis, acute and chronic complications are described here. What is the treatment and the possibilities, advantages and disadvantages of individual types of insulin therapy. Part of non-pharmacological treatment deals in general with the importance of physical activity in T1DM and the relation to hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia. The theoretical basis of the problem of carbohydrate units counting in connection with the flexible insulin dosing is described here. The whole practical part is devoted to teaching and using carbohydrate units counting and flexible insulin dosing, i.e. adjusting the dose of insulin to food, in patients monitored in the Diabetology Center, 3rd Internal Department, General Teaching Hospital. Research data were obtained using a questionnaire method. Responses from a total of 88 respondents and the data collection from the medical system after...
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Obesity and type 1 diabetes mellitus
Zábranská, Klára ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Sadílková, Aneta (referee)
Even though patients with the diabetes mellitus type 1 disease were considered slim individuals, the occurrence of overweight and obesity is a more common issue which is not given enough attention. Thus, the topic of obesity, diabetes mellitus, the unheatlhy obese individuals with the diabetes mellitus dissease is becoming more current. The goal of the bachelor thesis is to collect basic data, evaulate compensation of diabetes mellites and to compare BMI of tracked patients with the mellitus type 1 diagnosis, who visited the diabetic department in the span of one month: 1. - 30. November 2019 versus general population. The data were collected from doctors' documents of the patients. One of the monitored parameters was the presence of overweight and obesity with the patients. The theoretical part of the thesis provides basic information about the diabetes mellitus following information about obesity. The final chapter connects these two diseases. The practical part of the thesis consists of a provision of the basic information of the group of patients, a comparison of BMI between the followed sample and general population, a compartion of t HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin) between patients with CGM/FGM (a sensor for continual monitoring of glycemia) and those without it, a comparison of medial BMI (body...
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Changes in eye tissues in patients with diabetes mellitus, with emphasis on the tissue surface of the eye
Česká Burdová, Marie ; Mahelková, Gabriela (advisor) ; Kalvodová, Bohdana (referee) ; Kvapil, Milan (referee)
Introduction: Relation of diabetes mellitus (DM) to the diabetic keratopathy and various stages of corneal nerve fiber damage has been well accepted. A possible association between changes in the cornea of diabetic patients and diabetic retinopathy (DR), DM duration, and age at the time of DM diagnosis were evaluated. Neuropathies are among the most common long-term complications of diabetes mellitus. Good glycemic control is essential in prevention of this complication. DM patients with similar mean glucose levels or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels often exhibit differences in evaluation of diabetic complications. One reason for these differences may be the differences in glucose variability. DM patients with similar mean glucose levels or HbA1c levels often exhibit differences in glucose variability Hypothesis: Diabetes mellitus damages the subbasal nerve fibers of the corneal and affects the density of epithelial, endothelial and stromal cells. Corneal changes in patients with DM are dependent on the degree of diabetic retinopathy (DR), age at diagnosis, duration of DM, and compensation parameters. Purpose: To compare changes in cell density in individual layers of cornea and status of subbasal nerve fibers in patients with type 1 DM (DM 1) and in healthy subjects. To evaluate the dependence...
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Utilization of modern technologies in diabetology
Navrátilová, Vendula ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Vařeka, Tomáš (referee)
Introduction: The main goal of the diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM type 1) therapy is the achievement of the best compensation of this disease. One of the tools to attain this compensation is the correctly carried out self-monitoring, from which can be the right dose of the Insulin derived. To estimate the correct dose of the Insulin is the essential knowledge of the actual dietary records, especially the amount of the carbohydrates. The thorough dietary record is in this case another tool how to significantly improve the compensation of DM type 1. Objective: The main objective of this thesis was the description of the influence of the dietary record for the compensation of DM type 1. As the evaluating parameters were set the value of HbA1c before-and-after the observation and the glycemia variability during the observation. The observation had been provided during one month where in the beginning of the observation all patients took part in the educative stay. Methods: The examined sample included in total 34 persons, but 2 of them were excluded for health reasons. The final examined sample was consist of 32 persons, out of them 18 females and 14 males, which suffer from DM type 1. The average age of these patients was 36,6 years ± 12,6, where the average lasting of DM type 1 was 14,9 years ± 9,9. In...
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Low carb diet for diabetics with type 1 diabetes
Němečková, Monika ; Krejčí, Hana (advisor) ; Hásková, Aneta (referee)
The subject of the bachelor thesis is eating habits of type 1 diabetes patients. Diabetes mellitus type 1 is an autoimmune disease which can be improved vastly by improving dietary habits, mental health and regular sport activities. This thesis focuses principally on low- carbohydrate diet and how it compares to the traditionally recommended diet for the patients. The aim is to determine which of the two above diets is more beneficial for the patients with type 1 diabetes. The paper is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. Theoretical part briefly describes the disease, the advantages and disadvantages of the traditionally recommended diet for type 1 diabetes patients, in their daily life and during performing sport activities. Following is the description of the low- carbohydrate diet and its advantages and disadvantages. Practical part presents a compilation of data collected via anonymous questionnaire. The questionnaire was filled in by diabetes type 1 patients following the traditional and low- carbohydrate diets. Included in the data is the record of continuous measurements of glucose by Dexcom G5 and Enlite sensors. The aim of the practical part was to discover how the low-carbohydrate diet is effecting the quality of lives of diabetics, whether helps to reduce the number if...
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Monitoring of blood glucose level in patients with diabetes in patients with diabetes in specific situations
Kuntová, Vendula ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Váchová, Alena (referee)
The correct providing of the selfmonitoring by the diabetic patients can lead to the sufficient offset of the diabetes. Continuous monitoring of the glycaemia belongs among its most modern methods and thank to it is possible to detect even four times more serious glycaemia deviations than if we use the standard glucose measure methods. This bachelor thesis deals with the continuous glycaemia monitoring of the first type diabetes female patient. Main goal of this thesis is to describe the glycaemia changes in the case of the specific physical activities depending on the diet and daily regime providing the analysis of changes and prediction of the glycaemia. The theoretical part of my thesis summarizes the basic information regarding the diabetes mellitus disease. Subsequently, thesis is mainly focused on the acute complications of diabetes, glycaemia monitoring and options of the insuline modes. The practical part is dedicated to the evaluation of the female patient diet, physical activities and sensors records. The evaluation is provided through the organized tables and charts. The detail analysis of glycaemia was performed during the thirteen days. In the thesis were described causes of the outbreak of hyperglycaemia and hypoglycaemia depending on the nutrition, physical activities and daily...
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